Roblox Scripts: May 2009

Scripting Tutorial

Getting Started :

Hello, welcome to my scripting lessons. Before you can begin learning to script, there are a few things you need to do to get you started.

First, open the Roblox Studio from the start menu under all programs. Click on my Roblox in the studio, and click the "Edit" button for the place you want to edit. Once your place has loaded, show the tools if they are not shown already. You can do this by clicking the tools button at the top of the screen.

If you are not already familar with the explorer window you might want to get to know it better because you will be working with it alot. If you are already familiar with the explorer window you can skip this paragraph. The explorer window is on the right side of the screen, in it you can see all of the bricks and objects in the game, you might want to try experimenting with this window to get to know it better.

Another invaluable tool you will use while scripting is the output window. By default, the output window is hidden, show the output window by clicking on the view tab and then clicking on output. The output window will then appear. It displays invaluable information about errors in your scripts and things that need to be corrected. At first, these errors might be difficult to understand, but in time, you will learn to understand what they mean.

You are now ready to begin scripting, create a new script by clicking on the insert tab at the top of the screen, and selecting object, then select script from the list of objects you can insert and click ok. Now, double click on the script in the explorer window. A window will appear where you can type your script, clear the text that is in there by default and you are ready to create your first script.

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Lesson 1: Variables

We will start with the simlest stuff and work our way up.

Variables

---------

A variable is a word or small phrase in which something is stored.

For example:

damage = 1

That short script stores the value '1'. Now, anywhere in the script that you use the word damage, the script will act as though you entered the value 1. You can also store words or other objects in variables. For example:

name = "Ajedi32"

brick = script.Parent

Whenever you store a word in a variable, you must be sure to put it in quotation marks: For example if you said this:

name = Random

The script would look for in the variable named Random for a value instead of setting name to the word "Random"

Simple Right?

Also, remember that variables are case sensitive, and they cannot contain spaces or special characters such as '-'. To make up for the lack of spaces, you can use underscores to separate words in a variable. For example, you could say player_name. Another way to separate words is with capitalization. For example: playerName. Either way of doing this is acceptable, but try to be consistent or in longer scripts you might find yourself having to check if a variable was divided with underscores or with capitalization.

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Lesson 2: Using Built-In Variables

Now I will teach you how to use built-in variables to change properties of objects in the game.

Notice how when you are playing in solo mode and you show the tools, you can see two windows on the right side of the screen. These windows are the explorer window, and the properties window. You will also notice how when you select a brick in-game, the properties window shows a bunch of different values. Most of these values can be modified by changeing their values in the properties window. You can use scripts to change the values of built-in variables.

For example, place this script in a brick and you will see that it changes 50% transparent 10 seconds after the game starts:

wait(10) -- Wait 10 seconds

script.Parent.Transparency = 0.5 -- Modify the built-in variable "Transparency" to make the brick turn 50% transparent.

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Lesson 3: Comments

This has got to be one of the simplest lessons yet. You may already know how this works.

Placeing two hypens (--) comments off the rest of the line of code.

For example, place this script in a brick and watch what happens.

-- wait(10)

-- script.Parent.Transparency = 0.5

This is the same script from the previous lesson commented out. You will find that it does absolutely nothing. Now remove the double hyphens at the beginning of each line and watch what happens. This can be used to explain or comment on lines of code. You can also make multi-line comments by placing two ['s immediately after the two hypens and then ending the comment with two ]'s. For example:

--[[

wait(10)

script.Parent.Transparency = 0.5

]]

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Lesson 4: "If" Statements

An “if” statement can control whether something happens based on certain conditions that you specify.

Here is the format of an “if” statement:

if (YourExpression) then

-- actions here

end

Be sure to capitalize correctly. In the script editor, the words “if”, “then”, and “end” should turn blue.

“Your Expression” is the condition of the if statement. It can be in parenthesis, () but that is not always necessary. Here are some of the operators u can use in your “if” statements:

The double equals sign (==) checks to see if the value on the left equals the value on the right. (2 == 1 + 1) Be sure not to confuse this with the single equals sign (=), which sets the value on the left to the one on the right.

The less than sign (<) checks to see if the statement on the left is less than the statement on the right. (2*2 < 20)

The greater than sign (>) checks to see if the statement on the left is greater than the statement on the right. (10*3 > 20)

The not equal sign (~=) checks to see if the value on the left does not equals the value on the right. (2 ~= 3)

The “and” keyword checks to see if both equations are true. (2*2 < 20 and 10*3 > 20)

The “or” keyword checks to see if either equation is true. (2*2 < 20 and 10*3 == 5)

“+” adds, “-“ subtracts, “*” multiplies, and “/” divides.

You can also use variables and built-in variables in your conditions. For example:

if (game.Workspace.Part.Transparency == 0.5) then -- If a part's transparency is set at 50%

-- actions here

end

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Lesson 5: While Loops

"While" loops are very similar to if statements except for that they are loops. The means that they will cause the things put in them to repeat as long as the condition is met. Here is the format for "while" loops:

while (equation) do

-- Insert Actions Here

end

The thing about while loops is that you must be sure that the loop will not go on forever. If a loop does go on forever with no wait time in the loop, the script will cause massive lag and could cause your place's servers to shut down or your computer to freeze up.

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Lesson 6: For Loops

For Loops are very similar to while loops. The for loop allows you to easily repeat one action a certin number of times. Here is the format of the for loop:

for (var=1,5) do

-- Insert actions here

end

I believe the best way to explain the this loop would be to compare it to a while loop. If the previous for loop was a while loop this is what it would look like:

var = 1 -- This is the first part of the condition

while (var =< 5) do -- The 5 is taken from the second part of the for loop

-- Insert actions here

var = var + 1

end

When you think of for loops I think it is best for you to just think of it as a while loop in that format

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Lesson 7: Organizing Into Functions

Functions are a great way to break down large, complicated tasks into several smaller ones. Functions are delclared like this:

function name(argument1, argument2, ...)

-- insert actions here

end

"name" in this example, is the name of the function. Arguments are variables that are fed into the function. To execute the function that was just created you would do this:

name(1, "string", variable)

That will run the function and give it the arguments 1, "string", and variable. Functions can also return values into their calling function. For example:

function getArea(length, width, height)

return (length * width * height)

end

This function takes the arguments length, width, and height, and returns their values multiplied together. A good way to think of this would be to think of the function in the eqation as being the value that it returns. For example:

if (getArea(3, 1, 2) == 6) then -- This is a true statement because 3 times 1 times 2 is equal to 6.

-- insert actions here

end

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Lesson 8: Connecting Functions

One very usefull feature is that you can connect functions to events. When a function is connected to an event, it is executed when that event is triggered. For example:

function onTouched(brick)

-- insert actions here

end

script.Parent.Touched:connect(onTouched)

The above script runs when the brick that the script is in is touched. Notice the last line of the script. That line connects the function "onTouched" to the touched event of the brick. Different events run the function with different arguments. For example, the touched event runs the function with the one argument containing which brick touched the object. There are many different events. Some are specific to certian types of objects. For example, the Clicked event is specific to the clickdetector object.

Here is a list of some of the events that can be used on every object:

http://wiki.roblox.com/index.php?search=Event

To find other events, you will just have to learn by example or find them on the wiki.

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Lesson 9: Built-In Functions

There are also a number of built in functions that allow you to do many things that could not be done without them. The first type of built in function is member functions. These functions are used on a specific object. Here is an example of how to use a member function.

game.Workspace.brick:remove()

You may have noticed that member functions are run just the same way as other functions but they are preceded by the object they are being used for then a colen :

Here is a list of some of the member functions and what they do.

clone()

Accepts no arguments. It returns a copy of the object it is used on.

findFirstChild("Name")

Accepts the name of the child as an argument. Returns the child or nil if there is no child by that name. The advantage of using this function insted of just saying: ".name" is that it will not cause an error if the child does not exist.

getChildren()

Acceps no arguments. It returns all of the children of the object as a table. We will learn more about tables later.

remove()

Accepts no arguments. It removes the object from the game.

The other type of built in function is global functions. These are run just like normal functions. Here is an example:

wait(2)

Here is a list of the most important global functions. For a compleate list see: http://wiki.roblox.com/index.php?title=Function_Dump

wait(time)

Accepts a number as an argument. This function pauses the script for the specified time in seconds. So wait(60) would make the script pause for 60 seconds.

print(arguments)

Accepts any number of arguments and prints them to the output window.

math.random(number1, number2)

Accepts two number arguments. It then returns a random number between the first number and the second number.

You may also wish to review the folowing wiki article. Some of it you might not understand, but don't worry. I don't understand all of it either. =)

http://wiki.roblox.com/index.php?title=Function_Dump

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Lesson 10: Quiz 1 - Timed Door

You knew it was coming, now here it is. Its time for a test.

Your assignment is to create a timed door that opens and closes at regular interverals. Please do not use one in the free models or forums. This is something you should make on your own. The best way to learn is to do. PM me the script when you are done with it

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Lesson 11: Tables

Tables are another very important part about scripts. They are basicaly variables that can store more than 1 value.

Tables are declared like this:

tableName = {value1, value2}

You will notice when you look at this that there are two values in this table. value1, and value2. To access a specific value in a table type the table name and then a [] with the number of the value that u want to acses in it.

For example: tableName[1] is value1, and tableName[2] is value 2.

Typing a "#" with the name of a table after it will return the number of values in the table. For example:

#tableName

is equal to 2 because there are two values in tableName.

Tables are used a lot with for loops. For example can u guess what this does? (No fair peaking at the answer below)

for i=1,#tableName do

print(tableName[i])

end

If you guessed that it prints all the values of tableName to the output, then you are right. This feature can be used to search tables for values and other similar things.

There are also a number of built-in functions relating to tables. You can see the wiki artical for these here.

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Auto Regen ( Script )

model = game.Workspace.MyModeName -- change "MyModelName" to what model you want to regen after several time.

messageText = "ANYTHINGYOUWANT" -- This shows the message when it regens

message = Instance.new("Message")

message.Text = messageText

backup = model:clone()

while true do - DONT TOUCH

wait(300) -- 5 minuets for every regen. ( u can change )

message.Parent = game.Workspace -- DONT TOUCH

model:remove() -- DONT TOUCH

wait(.1) -- display regen message for .1 seconds ( Can Change )

model = backup:clone() -- DONT TOUCH

model.Parent = game.Workspace -- DONT TOUCH

model:makeJoints() --

message.Parent = nil -- DONT TOUCH

end - Make sure this is blue , not blue ? Space once or press enter once

Click Regen ( Script )

-- Group This with your model and rename " Regen to yr model names )

model = script.Parent.Parent["Regen"] -- Change "Regen" to the name of your model.

newmodel = model:clone()

enabled = true

function onClicked()

if enabled then

enabled = false

script.Parent.BrickColor = BrickColor.new(26)

model:remove()

wait(0.1) -- This is how long it will take to regen ( u can change )

model = newmodel:clone()

model.Parent = script.Parent.Parent

model:MakeJoints()

wait(15)

script.Parent.BrickColor = BrickColor.new(23)

enabled = true

end

script.Parent.ClickDetector.MouseClick:connect(onClicked)

Not Done Yet ! Add a ClickDetector or the script wont work (=

Giver ( Script )

LUA Colour Code ( Good For Tycoons )

BrickColor 1: White

BrickColor 2: Grey

BrickColor 3: Light yellow

BrickColor 4: Medium stone grey

BrickColor 5: Brick yellow

BrickColor 6: Light green (Mint)

BrickColor 7: Medium stone grey

BrickColor 8: Medium stone grey

BrickColor 9: Light reddish violet

BrickColor 10: Medium stone grey

BrickColor 11: Pastel Blue

BrickColor 12: Light orange brown

BrickColor 13: Medium stone grey

BrickColor 14: Medium stone grey

BrickColor 15: Medium stone grey

BrickColor 16: Medium stone grey

BrickColor 17: Medium stone grey

BrickColor 18: Nougat

BrickColor 19: Medium stone grey

BrickColor 20: Medium stone grey

BrickColor 21: Bright red

BrickColor 22: Med. reddish violet

BrickColor 23: Bright blue

BrickColor 24: Bright yellow

BrickColor 25: Earth orange

BrickColor 26: Black

BrickColor 27: Dark grey

BrickColor 28: Dark green

BrickColor 29: Medium green

BrickColor 30: Medium stone grey

BrickColor 36: Lig. Yellowish orange

BrickColor 37: Bright green

BrickColor 38: Dark orange

BrickColor 39: Light bluish violet

BrickColor 40: Transparent

BrickColor 41: Tr. Red

BrickColor 42: Tr. Lg blue

BrickColor 43: Tr. Blue

BrickColor 44: Tr. Yellow

BrickColor 45: Light blue

BrickColor 46: Medium stone grey

BrickColor 47: Tr. Flu. Reddish orange

BrickColor 48: Tr. Green

BrickColor 49: Tr. Flu. Green

BrickColor 50: Phosph. White

BrickColor 51: Medium stone grey

BrickColor 100: Light red

BrickColor 101: Medium red

BrickColor 102: Medium blue

BrickColor 103: Light grey

BrickColor 104: Bright violet

BrickColor 105: Br. yellowish orange

BrickColor 106: Bright orange

BrickColor 107: Bright bluish green

BrickColor 108: Earth yellow

BrickColor 109: Medium stone grey

BrickColor 110: Bright bluish violet

BrickColor 111: Tr. Brown

BrickColor 112: Medium bluish violet

BrickColor 113: Tr. Medi. reddish violet

BrickColor 114: Medium stone grey

BrickColor 115: Med. yellowish green

BrickColor 116: Med. bluish green

BrickColor 117: Medium stone grey

BrickColor 118: Light bluish green

BrickColor 119: Br. yellowish green

BrickColor 120: Lig. yellowish green

BrickColor 121: Med. yellowish orange

BrickColor 122: Medium stone grey

BrickColor 123: Br. reddish orange

BrickColor 124: Bright reddish violet

BrickColor 125: Light orange

BrickColor 126: Tr. Bright bluish violet

BrickColor 127: Gold

BrickColor 128: Dark nougat

BrickColor 129: Medium stone grey

BrickColor 130: Medium stone grey

BrickColor 131: Silver

BrickColor 132: Medium stone grey

BrickColor 133: Neon orange

BrickColor 134: Neon green

BrickColor 135: Sand blue

BrickColor 136: Sand violet

BrickColor 137: Medium orange

BrickColor 138: Sand yellow

BrickColor 139: Medium stone grey

BrickColor 140: Earth blue

BrickColor 141: Earth green

BrickColor 142: Medium stone grey

BrickColor 143: Tr. Flu. Blue

BrickColor 144: Medium stone grey

BrickColor 145: Sand blue metallic

BrickColor 146: Sand violet metallic

BrickColor 147: Sand yellow metallic

BrickColor 148: Dark grey metallic

BrickColor 149: Black metallic

BrickColor 150: Light grey metallic

BrickColor 151: Sand green

BrickColor 152: Medium stone grey

BrickColor 153: Sand red

BrickColor 154: Dark red

BrickColor 157: Tr. Flu. Yellow

BrickColor 158: Tr. Flu. Red

BrickColor 168: Gun metallic

BrickColor 176: Red flip/flop

BrickColor 178: Yellow flip/flop

BrickColor 179: Silver flip/flop

BrickColor 180: Curry

BrickColor 190: Fire Yellow

BrickColor 191: Flame yellowish orange

BrickColor 192: Reddish brown

BrickColor 193: Flame reddish orange

BrickColor 194: Medium stone grey

BrickColor 195: Royal blue

BrickColor 196: Dark Royal blue

BrickColor 197: Medium stone grey

BrickColor 198: Bright reddish lilac

BrickColor 199: Dark stone grey

BrickColor 200: Lemon metalic

BrickColor 208: Light stone grey

BrickColor 209: Dark Curry

BrickColor 210: Faded green

BrickColor 211: Turquoise

BrickColor 212: Light Royal blue

BrickColor 213: Medium Royal blue

BrickColor 216: Rust

BrickColor 217: Brown

BrickColor 218: Reddish lilac

BrickColor 219: Lilac

BrickColor 220: Light lilac

BrickColor 221: Bright purple

BrickColor 222: Light purple

BrickColor 223: Light pink

BrickColor 224: Light brick yellow

BrickColor 225: Warm yellowish orange

BrickColor 226: Cool yellow

BrickColor 232: Dove blue

BrickColor 268: Medium lilac

Shutdown ( Script )

-- This is a best button made by me .. If u wanna shutdown a sever when u're inside a game , simply press this button and the sever will shutdown (=

function onClicked()

hint = Instance.new("Hint")

hint.Parent = game.Workspace

hint.Text = ("Server shutting down in 5 seconds.")

wait(1)

hint.Text = ("Server shutting down in 4 seconds.")

wait(1)

hint.Text = ("Server shutting down in 3 seconds.")

wait(1)

hint.Text = ("Server shutting down in 2 seconds.")

wait(1)

hint.Text = ("Server shutting down in 1 seconds.")

wait(1)

hint.Text = ("Thanks for playing!")

wait(0.1)

game.NetworkServer:remove()

wait(2)

hint:remove()

end

script.Parent.ClickDetector.MouseClick:connect (onClicked)

Add Click Detector :

10Distance ( U Can Change )

Speech Bubble ( Script )

Put Decal

http://www.roblox.com/asset/?id=14367204 ( Texture )

Shiny = 20

Face = Left

________________________________________________________

Insert Dialog

Distance = Your Chioce

Upon closer examination, this crate holds a variety of weapons. ( InitialPrompt )

Purpose = Shop

Tone = Friendly

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Inside Dialog , Insert Script

Copy this :

script.Parent.DialogChoiceSelected:connect(function(player, choice)

if (choice == script.Parent.Choice1) then

pistol = game.Lighting["YourGunHere"]:clone()

pistol.Parent = player.Backpack

-- end

end

if (choice == script.Parent.Choice2) then

pistol = game.Lighting["YourGunHere"]:clone()

pistol.Parent = player.Backpack

-- end

end

if (choice == script.Parent.Choice3) then

pistol = game.Lighting["YourGunHere"]:clone()

pistol.Parent = player.Backpack

-- end

end

end)

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Insert : DialogChoice

Name it

Choice1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5

Depending on the script , u write and place the dialog into the DIALOG .

Name = Choice1

Response = ( YourGunChoice Retrieved From The Crate )

UserDialog = ( I'll Take a YourGunChoice (= )

-- Do This the same ( U Can make as many choice as u want cos u are a sucker )

-- Place Your gun into Lightning (=

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Monday, May 4, 2009

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